Amino acid disorders screening, Amenorrhea, Amblyopia, Alzheimer’s disease.

Alzheimer’s disease: 

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, a neurologic disease characterized by loss of mental ability severe enough to interfere with norma activities of daily living, lasting at least six months, and no present from birth. AD usually occurs in old age, and is marked by a decline in cognitive functions such as remembering, reasoning, and planning.

Amblyopia: 

Amblyopia is anuncorrectable decrease m yisionm one both eves with no apparent structural abnormality seen to explain it. It is a diagnosis of exclusion, meaning that whe a° decrease in vision is detected, other causes must be ruled out. Once no other cause is found, amblyopia is the dmgnos    • Generally, a difference of two lines or more (on an eye-chart test of visual acuity) between the two eyes or a best corrected vision of 20/30 or worse would be defined as amblyopia. or ?0/40 if someone has 20/20 vision with the right eye and only 20 with the left, and the left eye cannot achieve better vision with corrective lenses, the left eye is said to be amblyopic. Amebiasis: Amebiasis is an infectious disease caused by a para- A sitic one-celled microorganism (protozoan) called Enta“°eba histolytica Persons with amebiasis may experience a wide ranged symptoms, including diarrhea, fever, and cramps. The disease may also affect the intestines, liver, or other
parts of the body.

Amenorrhea: 

 The absence of menstrual periods is called amen¬orrhea Primary amenorrhea is the failure to start having a period by the ale of 16. Secondary amenorrhea is more com- mon and refers to either the temporary or permanent ending of periods in a woman who has menstruated normally m the past Many women miss a period occasionally. Amenorrhea occurs a woman misses three or more periods m a row. of menstrual periods is a symptom, not a disease. While the averageagethat menstruation begins is 12, the rangevanes. The incidence of primary amenorrhea m the United States just 2 5% Some female athletes who participate in rowing long distance running, and cycling, may notice a few missed periods. Women athletes at a particular risk fordevelop> g amenorrhea include ballerinas and gymnasts, who typically exercise strenuously and eat poorly.

Amino acid disorders screening: 

Amino acid disorder screening A checks for-inherited disorders in amino acid metabolism. Tests are most commonly done on newborns. Two tests are availab , one using a blood sample and the other a urine sample.