Anal atresia, Anal cancer, Anal warts, Analgesics, Anaphylaxis

Anal atresia:

 The anus is either not present or it is in the wrong place. There are basically two kinds of anal atresia. In boys with high anal atresia, there may be a channel (fistula) con¬necting the large intestine to either the urethra (which delivers urine from the bladder) or the bladder itself. In girls, the chan¬nel may connect with the vagina. Sixty percent of children with high anal atresia have other defects, including problems with the esophagus, urinary tract, and bones. In low anal atresia, the chann el may open in front of the circular mass of muscles that constrict to close the anal opening (anal sphincter) or, in boys, below the scrotum. Occasionally, the intestine ends just under the skin. It is estimated that overall abnormalities of the anus and rectum occur in about one in every 5,000 births and are slightly more common among boys. A mother who has one child with these kind of conditions has a 1% chance of having another child who suffers from this ailment.

Anal cancer:

 Anal cancer is an uncommon form of cancer affect¬ing the anus. The anus is the inch-and-a-half-long end portion of the large intestine, which opens to allow solid wastes to exit the body. Other parts of the large intestine include the colon and the rectum.

Anal warts: 

Anal warts, also known as condyloma acuminata, are small warts that can occur in the rectum. Initially appear as tiny blemishes that can be as small as the head of a pin or grow into larger cauliflowerlike protuberances. They can be yellow, pink, or light brown in color, and only rarely are painful or uncomfortable. In fact, infected individuals often are unaware that they exist. Most cases are caused by sexual transmission. Most individuals have between one to 10 genital warts that range in size from roughly 0.5-1.9 cm2. Some will complain of painless bumps or itching, but often, these warts can remain completely unnoticed.

Analgesics: 

Analgesics are medicines that relieve pain.

Analgesics, opioid: 

Opioid analgesics, also known as narcotic analgesics, are pain relievers that act on the central nervous system. Like all narcotics, they may become habit-forming if used over long periods.

Anaphylaxis: 

Anaphylaxis is a rapidly progressing, life-threat¬ening allergic reaction. Anaphylaxis is a type of allergic reaction, in which the immune system responds to otherwise harmless substances from the environment. Unlike other al¬lergic reactions, however, anaphylaxis can kill. Reaction may begin within minutes or even seconds of exposure, and rapidly progress to cause airway constriction, skin and intestinal ir¬ritation, and altered heart rhythms. In severe cases, it can result in complete airway obstruction, shock, and death.